In order to study the activation effect of chemical excitation, heat treatment and their coupling on recycled powder, the mechanical properties, mineral composition and reaction product types of recycled powder were studied by means of compressive strength test, X-ray diffraction test and infrared spectroscopy, etc. The results show that chemical excitation provides alkaline environment and reactive ions, and high temperature calcination changes the mineral structure of original material. Both methods make recycled powder have rehydrating and cementing ability. After high temperature thermal activation, the aluminosilicate structure of recycled powder is reorganized or destroyed. The groups in the mineral are more easily dissolved during chemical excitation to participate in the reaction to form cementitious products. At this time, the 3 and 28 d compressive strength of recycled powder reach 27.0 and 48.6 MPa, respectively, which increase by 10.3 times and 5.8 times compared with original specimen. The coupling effect makes recycled powder have higher activity and strength.