An optical system of optical multifunctions detector was designed, which combined multiple detection functions such as laser beam quality analysis, photoelectric autocollimator, laser autocollimator, optical coherence detection as one. Its operating wavelength range was 300~1 700 nm, alignment accuracies was 2″ and angular resolution was 0.1″. One kind of parallel light beam expanding system and threeaxis system that had a long focus was designed, and a kind of removable toric lens telephoto with a central plane was adopted. The objective lens diameter was 75 mm, extend to 400 mm diameter. It enabled the optical system to achieve consistency, outgoing laser pointing and integrated multiparameter detection and had high degree of integration. Furthermore, it used the optical design software ZEMAX for system simulation and optimization. As a result, the modulation transfer functions at 50 lp/mm for the position of the focal length corresponding to different wavelengths are greater than 0.2n in the whole field of view. Then, a functional prototype was successfully developed, and processing equipment was tested after adjustment. Finally, the results show that it can get clear and accurate images in the focus range. The system satisfies the command of test requirements.