The Environmental estrogen is an exogenous endocrine disruptor which can be enriched in organisms, and usually exits in the environment at a low concentration. Meanwhile, it can interfere with the normal function of the endocrine system and induce the multiple organism pathological changes. Therefore, the detection of environmental estrogen at low concentration with high specificity is important. Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a technique with high sensitivity enabling trace amount analysis and even single-molecule level detection of the target molecule. This paper aims to summarize the recent development of environmental estrogen (such as estradiol, polychlorinated biphenyls, bisphenol A, etc.) detected by using SERS technology. Firstly, the SERS substrates without modification are used for direct detection. Secondly, the modified substrates (such as cyclodextrin, molecularly imprinted polymer, antigen and antibody and nucleic acid aptamer, etc.) are used for highly specific and sensitive detection of environmental estrogens. Finally, the development of SERS in environmental estrogen detection are summarized and prospected.