Xu LIU, Bo LIU, Yunjiang RAO. Research progress of photon counting optical time domain reflectometry based on single photon detection[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 2023, 31(2): 168
- Optics and Precision Engineering
- Vol. 31, Issue 2, 168 (2023)
Fig. 1. Spectral figure of typical spontaneous scattering
Fig. 2. Working modes of two kinds of APD［15］
Fig. 3. Histogram of photon counting and time
Fig. 4. Distributed temperature sensing system based on detection of PMT［29］.
Fig. 5. Set-up of the single photon detection system based on PPLN waveguide［33］
Fig. 6. Setup of photon counting OTDR with sensing fiber of 217 km［34］
Fig. 7. Temperature measurement of distributed sensing fiber with 12 mm spatial resolution［35］
Fig. 8. （a） System noise equivalent （NEP） as a function of bias current in units of critical current （b） Backscattered signal from the FUT at around 111 km as detected with the single photon detector［12］
Fig. 9. Comparison between level trigger （left） and CFD operation （right） ［40］
Fig. 10. Operation principle of a TAC［40］
Fig. 11. （a）Schematic diagram of externally time-gated PC-OTDR（b） Gating signals provided to optical switch（c） Simulated OTDR traces of 60 m fiber link［46］
Fig. 12. （a） Optoelectronic circuit of the photon-counting OTDR （b） PON configuration for photon counting OTDR testing （c） Zoom OTDR trace to the end of the PON link［56］
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Table 1. Comparisons of photon counting OTDR based on different detector and digital data sampling technologies
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