As the main instrument of FY-4 which was launched on Dec.11th, 2016, Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder (GIIRS) is the first hyperspectral infrared atmospheric vertical sounder working on geostationary orbit internationally. This instrument is mainly used for vertical atmospheric sounding and gains atmospheric temperature, humidity, and disturbances. The observed data of FY-4 GIIRS is assimilated into the GRAPES Global Forecast System in real time. It is the first time to realize the satellite hyperspectral detection and real-time data assimilation of wide range sensitive area sat a high frequency and will have a significant impact on the current meteorological forecasting capability, in particular, for the prediction of typhoon intensity and track, the accuracy can be greatly improved. In this paper, we present the measuring principle of the atmospheric vertical sounder and the on-orbit performance and operation of GIIRS, and the development of hyperspectral infrared atmospheric vertical sounder in the future is also prospected.