In order to provide general consumers with a convenient and direct method for evaluating blue light hazard and circadian effect of light source, the spectra distributions of six common artificial illumination and three displays were measured. The spectra distributions of the nine light sources going through QB5 cobalt blue glass were calculated and analyzed, combined with the transmittance of the adopted glass. The relationship between blue light hazard factor, circadian factor, and chromaticity coordinate Z value of 1931 CIE-XYZ was investigated, as well as the relationship between dominant wavelength of the glass and luminous flux through the glass. Based on the resolution of wavelength and brightness variation by human eyes to visible light through the glass, the feasibility of evaluating blue light hazard and circadian effect in visualization way was demonstrated where candlelight was the reference. Results showed that blue light hazard factor and circadian factor of nine light source increase with the increase of the chromaticity coordinate Z value of 1931 CIE-XYZ, the dominant wavelength and the luminous flux through the glass, which verified the feasibility of this method. The research method and the obtained results can provide reference for the evaluation of photobiological safety and the development of related devices.