For the stealth effect evaluation of a single infrared image, it is necessary to consider the image similar feature information reflected by the pixels in the image. A single similarity measurement method cannot fully and accurately reflect the similarity between infrared images. On the basis of equally dividing a single infrared image, the advantages of four similarity measurements based on image gray histogram method, direction gradient histogram feature method, structural similarity method and target classification were considered comprehensively. The principal component analysis method was used to determine the weight values of different similarity measurements, and an evaluation method based on comprehensive similarity measurement was proposed. Through the comparison of horizontal and vertical experiments between the similarity measurement methods, the mean and standard deviation of each similarity measurement between the target and the background image for different occlusion situations was analyzed. The results show that the comprehensive similarity measurment can more accurately reflect the similarity information between images, the problem of single-infrared image stealth effect evaluation is more effectively processed.