300 rock samples from Tahe area of Heilongjiang province were tested in terms of 350~2 500 nm spectral reflectance, susceptibility, density, porosity and content of metal elements (Fe, Mn, Ti, Zr, V, Zn, Pb, Nb, Co, Bi) with the calculation of the absorption depth. With this basis, the correlation analysis based on the method, an investigation was conducted to the characteristic response relationship between the metal element content of collected rock samples, physical parameters and spectral reflectance; besides, the correlation coefficient between metal elements and spectral absorption depth of rock samples as well as the correlation coefficient between physical parameters and spectral reflectance were calculated. The results were found as follows:(1)In the vicinity of 410 nm, the diorite porphyrite correlation coefficient of metal element and absorption depth exists the sharp peaks and troughs, and reaches extreme value.(2) Among the correlation of the metal element and the absorption depth, intrusive rocks correlation is significantly higher than that of other rock types.(3) Near 1 400 nm, the metal element and the absorption depth, and various physical properties of the spectral reflectance correlation exists sharp peaks and troughs. Wherein the correlation between the susceptibility, density, porosity and the spectral reflectance in the visible range fluctuates greatly. (4) In the range of 1 900~2 500 nm, the correlation coefficient between the metal element and the spectrum absorption depth, the physical parameters and the spectral reflectance fluctuate greatly, in which the metal elements and the spectral absorption depth were significantly correlated, and the correlation coefficient reached the extreme value. In this paper, the relationship between physical properties and the spectral characteristics of the metal element is further studied, which is of great significance in detecting reflectance of different lithology and different bands and distribution of different metal elements.