• Matter and Radiation at Extremes
  • Vol. 10, Issue 2, 029901 (2025)
D. Raffestin1,2,a), L. Lecherbourg3, I. Lantuéjoul3, B. Vauzour3..., P. E. Masson-Laborde3,4, X. Davoine3,4, N. Blanchot1, J. L. Dubois1,2, X. Vaisseau3, E. d’Humières2, L. Gremillet3,4, A. Duval3, Ch. Reverdin3, B. Rosse3, G. Boutoux3, J. E. Ducret5, Ch. Rousseaux3, V. Tikhonchuk2,6 and D. Batani2|Show fewer author(s)
Author Affiliations
  • 1CEA, DAM, CESTA, F-33116 Le Barp, France
  • 2Centre Laser Intenses et Applications, Université de Bordeaux–CNRS–CEA, UMR 5107, 33405 Talence, France
  • 3CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
  • 4Université Paris–Saclay, CEA, LMCE, 91680 Bruyères-le-Châtel, France
  • 5CEA, DRF, IRFU, GANIL, F-14000 Caen, France
  • 6ELI-Beamlines Research Centre, 25241 Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic
  • show less
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0253622 Cite this Article
    D. Raffestin, L. Lecherbourg, I. Lantuéjoul, B. Vauzour, P. E. Masson-Laborde, X. Davoine, N. Blanchot, J. L. Dubois, X. Vaisseau, E. d’Humières, L. Gremillet, A. Duval, Ch. Reverdin, B. Rosse, G. Boutoux, J. E. Ducret, Ch. Rousseaux, V. Tikhonchuk, D. Batani. Erratum: “Enhanced ion acceleration using the high-energy petawatt PETAL laser” [Matter Radiat. Extremes 6, 056901 (2021)][J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2025, 10(2): 029901 Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    The article contains an error regarding the electron spectra displayed in Figs. 4 and 5 and the data extracted from these spectra. The measurements were made with the SESAME magnetic spectrometer, the working principle of which is recalled in Fig. 1. Specifically, a magnetic dipole is used to separate charged particles (electrons in the case of this experiment) depending on their energy, charge and mass. The deflected particles then hit an imaging plate (IP) and deposit energy in its sensitive layer. The kinetic energy of the particles can be evaluated from their impact position on the IP and their number can be inferred from the local energy deposition.

    Schematic of the SESAME magnetic spectrometer. Negative charge particle (e−) trajectories are represented in red, positive charge particle (e+, p+) trajectories are represented in blue and neutral charge particle (n, γ) trajectories are represented in green.

    Figure 1.Schematic of the SESAME magnetic spectrometer. Negative charge particle (e) trajectories are represented in red, positive charge particle (e+, p+) trajectories are represented in blue and neutral charge particle (n, γ) trajectories are represented in green.

    There are three available IP positions on the SESAME spectrometer, located at respectively 0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 cm away from the magnetic dipole. The electron spectra were extracted assuming that the corresponding IP was located at the closest position to the dipole, when it was actually at the furthest position. As can be seen in Fig. 1, this entails a significant error in the evaluation of the kinetic energy from the impact position. The corrected spectra for the three shots are shown in Figs. 2 and 3 together with Maxwellian fits.

    Corrected graph of Fig. 4: “Electron energy spectra measured at 13.5° and 58.5° from the rear target normal by SESAME on shot #176.”

    Figure 2.Corrected graph of Fig. 4: “Electron energy spectra measured at 13.5° and 58.5° from the rear target normal by SESAME on shot #176.”

    Corrected graph of Fig. 5: “Electron energy spectra measured at 13.5° by SESAME on shots #176, #177, and #178.”

    Figure 3.Corrected graph of Fig. 5: “Electron energy spectra measured at 13.5° by SESAME on shots #176, #177, and #178.”

    The corrected number of electrons above 2.5 MeV and total ejected electronic charge infered are displayed in Tables I and II. The new electron number above 2.5 MeV is close to that previously given, since the amplitude of the spectra is determined by the PSL value in each pixel, and the PSL response function of the IPs to electron irradiation is roughly constant above 2 MeV. Although the revised hot-electron temperatures are lower than the original estimates, the main conclusion of the article remains unchanged: the hot-electron temperatures are higher than those expected from the standard ponderomotive scaling.

    Shot #Hot electron temperature (MeV)Number of electrons above 2.5 MeV
    1764.902.4 · 1012
    1773.291.0 · 1012
    1781.793.0 · 1011

    Table 1. Corrected values of Table I: “Summary of hot-electron measurements using the SESAME diagnostics.”

    Averaged microwave emissionTypical electron energy beforeTotal ejectedTotal number
    Shot #from 3 to 6 GHz (J/Hz)before deceleration (MeV)charge (μC)of ejected electrons
    1762 · 10−114.901.81.1 · 1013
    1772.2 · 10−113.2921.3 · 1013
    1785.7 · 10−121.791.27.7 · 1012

    Table 2. Corrected values of Table II: “Estimation of ejected hot-electron charge using Eq. (1) and the value of the hot-electron velocity corresponding to the electron temperature obtained from the electron spectra shown in Fig. 5.”

    We would like to sincerely thank Lucas Ribotte (CEA/DAM/DIF) for reanalyzing the data and contributing to the correction of the results presented in this erratum.

    References

    D. Raffestin, L. Lecherbourg, I. Lantuéjoul, B. Vauzour, P. E. Masson-Laborde, X. Davoine, N. Blanchot, J. L. Dubois, X. Vaisseau, E. d’Humières, L. Gremillet, A. Duval, Ch. Reverdin, B. Rosse, G. Boutoux, J. E. Ducret, Ch. Rousseaux, V. Tikhonchuk, D. Batani. Erratum: “Enhanced ion acceleration using the high-energy petawatt PETAL laser” [Matter Radiat. Extremes 6, 056901 (2021)][J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2025, 10(2): 029901
    Download Citation