Based on received signal strength indicator (RSSI), which has wide serviceability, simple and easy-to-construct structure, and good portability, we study a visible light communication positioning method with high accuracy. Due to the interference from background resources, the measurement error of RSSI-based positioning method is difficult to control below centimeters. We use wavelet analysis to significantly reduce the noise mixed with received signal, use the correlation test method to extract the source signal in noise, and use the least square method to estimate location coordinate. We verify the reliability of the method by the simulations under different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). It is found that the error of the RSSI-based visible light positioning is less than 1 cm and is insensitive with noise, which is dozens of times better than the theoretical accuracy without processing based on error analysis.