• Opto-Electronic Engineering
  • Vol. 49, Issue 10, 220183 (2022)
Ke Xu1、†, Xinger Wang1、†, Xuhao Fan1, Yuncheng Liu1, Xuan Yu1, Hui Gao1、2、*, and Wei Xiong1、2、*
Author Affiliations
  • 1Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
  • 2Optical Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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    DOI: 10.12086/oee.2022.220183 Cite this Article
    Ke Xu, Xinger Wang, Xuhao Fan, Yuncheng Liu, Xuan Yu, Hui Gao, Wei Xiong. Meta-holography: from concept to realization[J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2022, 49(10): 220183 Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    Overview: As an ideal 3D display technology, holography can reconstruct the wavefront of the whole light wave, and can provide all the 3D depth cues required by the human eyes, including binocular parallax, motion parallax, accommodation, occlusion, etc. Due to the limitation of the modulation principle, DMD and most SLM cannot optically reconstruct the complex amplitude of a wavefield, resulting in partial information loss and complex wavefront calculation. At the same time, the two devices have a pixel size larger than 6 μm, which is much larger than the wavelength of visible light. The limitation of large pixel size and modulation principle brings many disadvantages, such as narrow field of view, twin-image, narrow band, and multi-order diffraction, which greatly restrict the development of CGH. As a new class of light field modulators, metasurface can control the amplitude, phase, polarization and dispersion of the light simultaneously by optimizing the design and arrangement of the elements. Thanks to the previous exploration of micro-nano manufacturing technology and materials for metasurface, the size of the unit cell can be reduced to the order of sub-wavelength. According to the grating equation, the smaller the pixel size is, the larger the diffraction angle is. Therefore, metasurface can provide a diffraction angle close to 90°. As the loading medium of holograms, metasurface meets the requirements of holograms for high-precision and complex light field modulation and has the advantages of high design freedom, high spatial resolution, low noise, broadband and so on, providing a solution to some problems currently faced by CGH. In this paper, the basic process of designing meta-holography devices is discussed. Furthermore, the basic concepts and development of static meta-holography are introduced based on the principles of metasurfaces, including phase modulation, amplitude modulation, complex-amplitude modulation, and nonlinear modulation. However, such static meta-holography devices cannot change the display patterns after design and manufacture, which is inconsistent with the rapidly changing real world and requirements of diverse functions, limiting its applications. Therefore, the two methods of realizing dynamic meta-holography are introduced in detail. Finally, the micro-nano fabrication technologies for metasurface are discussed. In conclusion, this paper presents the design, principle, development, and manufacturing implementation of meta-holographic devices in an all-around way, and puts forward problems and possible solutions for the development of meta-holography at present.The pursuit of real-time, full-color, three-dimension (3D), and dynamic display has inspired a rich body of industrial and academic research. With the introduction of "Metaverse", there is an increasing demand for high-performance 3D display devices and technologies. Holographic technology is an ideal approach for future naked-eye 3D display. However, traditional dynamic holographic devices have brought many shortcomings such as small field of view (FOV) and limited information capacity, which hinder the practical applications. As a new class of light field modulator, metasurface is expected to achieve remarkable breakthroughs in the field of holographic display with the advantages of their small pixel size and the emerging ability to manipulate light. This paper gives an overview of the development of meta-holography from four aspects: the design strategy, the modulation principle, the methods for realizing dynamic display and the micro-nano fabrication technologies for optical metasurface. We finally include a brief discussion of the future direction in this field.
    Ke Xu, Xinger Wang, Xuhao Fan, Yuncheng Liu, Xuan Yu, Hui Gao, Wei Xiong. Meta-holography: from concept to realization[J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2022, 49(10): 220183
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