Phenols have serious harm to animals and plants. The experiment is a direct, rapid and accurate method for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenols in the case of interference and no interference by the method of fluorescence spectrometer combined with APTLD algorithm. The effects of temperature on the fluorescence intensity of thymol, hydroquinone and phenol were studied. After the comprehensive consideration, the experiment was carried out at 20 degrees centigrade. The obtained spectral data array is processed by eliminating scattering and correction. The original spectrum information is preserved to avoid the serious distortion of spectrum. APTLD algorithm is compared with PARAFAC and ATLD algorithm, highlighting the advantages of the algorithm. Experimental results showed that the APTLD algorithm can well analyze the overlapped peaks of the fluorescence spectrum data and obtain the fluorescence spectra of three target analytes respectively, achieving rapid qualitative analysis; the average recovery rate of the quantitative analysis is 97.4%±4.5%~103.1%±3%; The root mean square error of prediction is less than 1.664×10-2 g·mL-1, and the detection limit is lower than the national standard; The treatment process is simple and rapid, which provides a powerful basis for on-site detection and on-line real-time monitoring of phenolic compounds in water environment.