In order to verify the accuracy level of the wind field in the middle and upper atmosphere, the simulation of the ground wind field is carried out by the asymmetrical spatial heterodyne spectrometer. The basic principle of wind field detection by asymmetric spatial heterodyne spectroscopy and the basic performance parameters of the developed spectrometer are introduced. The wind field simulation detection experiment is designed by the wind speed simulation device, and the inaccuracy of the motor speed, the installation mechanical angle, the measuring value of the radius of the turntable and the angle of the ray incident during the simulation of wind speed are also introduced. The theoretical wind speed error of the device is no more than 1.3%, which is able to meet the requirements of wind field simulation detection and verification. By using the wind speed simulation device and adjusting the speed experiment of different motor, the data of 24 sets of measured results of simulated wind speed in 34.19~78.63 m/s are obtained. The simulation covers the range of wind speed in middle and upper atmosphere, error correction and wind velocity inversion for the measured data, and the results of wind velocity measured by the asymmetric spatial heterodyne spectrometer and the results of wind velocity measurement. The accuracy of wind velocity detection by 3.28 m/s of standard deviation of wind speed error is obtained after theoretical simulation of wind velocity comparison. It is proved that asymmetric spatial heterodyne spectroscopy has the characteristics of high phase sensitivity and high precision.