Application background of the evidence collection system for maritime surveillance is introduced.In combination with its development status both at home and abroad and by reference to the application of POS-aided image location in aerial survey.Large scale topographic map was drawn for target locating.By integration of such equipment as the biaxial servo stabilized platform, high-accuracy Position & Orientation System (POS) and HD video camera, and equipped with corresponding processing software, the airborne evidence collection system for maritime surveillance has the ability of both target reconnaissance and localization with high precision.Preliminary experimental results show that the accuracy of real-time target locating is better than 0.26 m when the flying height is 40 m.