The spin drive principle of superconducting rotor and a fiber optic sensor measurement system used in spinning superconducting rotor instrument were introduced.The measurement system includes a displacement fiber optic sensor,a speed fiber optic sensor,a motor control fiber optic sensor and signal readout patterns.It can not only gauge suspension micro-displacement and the rotative velocity of rotor,but also can generate some necessary motor control signals to drive rotor.The experimental results of the suspension and rotation of rotor at liquid helium temperature (4.2 k) show that the measurement resolution of suspension micro-displacement of superconducting spherical rotor is 10 μm and the rotor rotary speed is 1 365 r/min,which can give some useful references for the further application of fiber optic sensor measurement system to monitoring operating position of a rotor accurately.