Author Affiliations
1School of Material Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China2Chongqing Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Technology and Systems, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Experimental equipment for laser wire vacuum additive manufacturing. (a) Overall equipment; (b) equipment in vacuum chamber; (c) wire feeding system; (d) laser and wire arrangement
Fig. 2. Additive manufacturing of thin-wall part. (a) Figure of liquid bridge transfer; (b) sample
Fig. 3. Polarization curves of different samples in NaCl solution with mass fraction of 3.5%
Fig. 4. EIS measurement results. (a) Nyquist plots; (b)(c) Bode plots; (d) equivalent circuit model
Fig. 5. XPS full spectra of passive films formed on different sample surfaces
Fig. 6. High-resolution XPS spectra of passive films formed on different sample surfaces. (a)(d)(g) Ti 2p; (b)(e)(h) O 1s; (c)(f)(i) Al 2p
Fig. 7. Valence distributions of Ti elements in passive films formed on different sample surfaces
Fig. 8. IPFs of different samples. (a) AM; (b) SAT500; (c) SAT600
Fig. 9. Phase distributions in different samples
Fig. 10. Grain size distributions in different samples. (a) AM; (b) SAT500; (c) SAT600
Fig. 11. KAM maps of different samples. (a) AM; (b) SAT500; (c) SAT600
Fig. 12. Grain boundary distributions and statistics results in different samples. (a)(d) AM; (b)(e) SAT500; (c)(f) SAT600
Sample | Temperature /°C | Time /h | Cooling method |
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SAT500 | 950 | 1 | Air cooling | 500 | 4 | Air cooling | SAT600 | 950 | 1 | Air cooling | 600 | 4 | Air cooling |
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Table 1. Process parameters of solution aging heat treatment
Sample | Ecorr /V | icorr /(μA/cm2) |
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AM | -0.213 | 2.595 | SAT500 | -0.175 | 0.035 | SAT600 | -0.238 | 0.351 |
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Table 2. Corrosion potential and corrosion current density values of different samples
Sample | Rs / (Ω·cm2) | CPE1 /
| n1 | Rf / (104 Ω·cm2) | CPE2 /
| n2 | Rct / (Ω·cm2) | χ2 |
---|
AM | 181.6 | 2.999×10-5 | 0.4834 | 2.341 | 9.797×10-7 | 0.6234 | 758.300 | 3.024×10-3 | SAT500 | 172.4 | 3.323×10-5 | 0.8093 | 4.08 | 1.223×10-4 | 0.8303 | 1.461×105 | 3.046×10-4 | SAT600 | 91.02 | 1.357×10-4 | 0.6867 | 3.975 | 3.042×10-5 | 0.9199 | 9.328 | 7.323×10-4 |
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Table 3. EIS parameters of equivalent circuit for test samples
Peak | Binding energy /eV | Chemical state |
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AM | SAT500 | SAT600 |
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Ti 2p | 453.94 | ‒ | 454.07 | Ti | 456.8 | 456.90 | 456.90 | Ti2O3 | 458.46 | 458.43 | 458.80 | TiO2 | 459.94 | ‒ | 460.07 | Ti | 462.5 | 462.60 | 462.60 | Ti2O3 | 464.16 | 464.13 | 464.50 | TiO2 | O 1s | 530.73 | 530.61 | 530.71 | Metal oxides | 532.39 | 531.52 | 531.74 | OH- | Al 2p | 74.6 | 74.63 | 74.6 | Al2O3 |
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Table 4. Results of peak fitting of high-resolution XPS spectra