Using the data of China's land use right assignmentons from 2003 to 2018, the paper visualized the spatial distribution, source, and use of land right assignment, and analyzed the spatial characteristics. The methods of the research included the nuclear density analysis, nuclear density analysis, Getis-Ord, and spatial visualization. The results are as follows: (1) From 2003 to 2013, the growth rate of land use rights assignment in China was remarkable. The growth rate of the total land use rights assignment slowed down after 2013, but the income of land use rights assignment continued to grow, and it showed changing characteristics from quantity to value. (2) The growth of land for roads and transportation facilities, greenland and square was more prominent; the land use for residential commercial, public management and public service facilities was stable; while the growth rate of land for industrial, logistics, storage, and public facilities began to slow down and showed a contraction trend. There were significant differences in the sources of land use right assignment between 2003 and 2018. The main source was the new construction, while the utilization rate of the redevelopment of the stock land was low, and the blind outward expansion was not conducive to the new urbanization construction. (3) From 2003 to 2018, the land use right assignment showed a "point-line-surface" spatial pattern, forming a multi-core, hierarchical layer structure. Over time, the core of nuclear density had shifted from north to south and from west to east, with high concentration of core cities, dense peripheral cities, and sparse districts/counties". Among them, different land uses also presented different spatial evolution characteristics. After the growth rate of industrial land use right assignment expanded from the northeast region to the whole country, it gradually contracted to the coastal urban agglomerations in East China, and presented the spatial evolution characteristics of “from ordinary cities to provincial capitals, and from provincial capitals to cities around provincial capitals.” The land area for residential uses was that the provincial capitals drove the growth of surrounding cities to a certain extent, and gradually shrunk to the central cities of South and East China. Commercial land use right assignment was relatively stable; there was no shrinkage, and the growth rate was relatively balanced. The coverage of other construction land use right assignment areas was relatively balanced, which also reflects the relatively balanced allocation of resources for infrastructure construction in China.