With the continuous development and progress of optical fiber specklegram detection technology and image processing technology, the sensing technology based on multi-mode fiber specklegram is becoming more and more mature. Using the optical fiber space status information carried by the multi-mode fiber output specklegram, the interference information and the degree of interference of the fiber can be obtained, which has important application value. Starting from various application fields, the application and development of the multimode fiber specklegram are introduced in detail. The endless research results and rich application scenarios show that the fiber speckle pattern sensing technique has strong vitality. Finally, the paper looks forward to the future research directions of multimode fiber speckle patterns in the field of sensing.