In order to improve the sensitivity of fiber Bragg grating（FBG） type settlement sensors and reduce measurement deviations caused by tilt and temperature drift during the settlement process, an improved FBG sensor for structural settlement was designed. This sensor replaces the traditional cantilever structure with a straight pull structure to reduce measurement errors causedby settlement and tilt. By accurately calculating the ratio of wavelength offsets between two sets of FBGs, accurate measurementof settlement can be achieved. The test results show that the strain response of the sensor is 5.2 ×10-5 ε/N, and there is a linear relationship between wavelength shift and settlement within 0~50 mm. The average deviation is better than 0.69 mm, and the average sensitivity is 107.45 pm/mm. The fluctuation of the test results is below 1.0%, which is significantly better than the traditionalFBG sensor structure, verifying its better anti-interference ability.