Lidar can obtain three-dimensional aerosol information. In 2010, the Mie-scattering lidar was used to acquire the observation data for 15 days during the China Radiometric Calibration Site (CRCS2010) field experiment. Fernald inversion method was used to retrieve vertical profile of atmospheric aerosol extinction coefficient in this region. Its impacts on the radiometric calibration are analyzed. Observations results indicate that there is an aerosol layer of high concentration values from the near-surface layer to 2～4 km in Dunhuang area. The aircraft for radiometric calibration should fly above this altitude to avoid the effect of the high concentrations aerosol layer. On the basis of the aerosol profiles of MODTRAN(MODerate resolution atmospheric TRANsmission) radiative transfer model and the measured aerosol profiles, the radiation simulation was carried out respectively. The results showed that, different degrees of differences existed among FY3A/MERSI, all visible-near infrared channels, whereas the blue channels (<500 nm) had 4%～5% of the radiation difference.