Author Affiliations
1Shi -Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang110016, Liaoning , China2School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning , Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Schematic of experimental procedure
Fig. 2. Microstructures of powder under different recycling times. (a) 0; (b) 6; (c) 10; (d) 13
Fig. 3. Longitudinal section microstructures of powder under different recycling times. (a)(b)(c) 0; (d)(e)(f) 6; (g)(h)(i) 10; (j)(k)(l) 13
Fig. 4. Particle size distribution and distribution state of powder under different recycling times. (a) Particle size distribution of powder; (b) distribution state of powder
Fig. 5. Microstructures of samples prepared under different powder recycling times after heat treatment. (a)(b)(c) 0th sample;
Fig. 6. EBSD analysis results of samples prepared under different powder recycling times after heat treatment. (a) 0th sample; (b) 6th sample; (c) 10th sample; (d) 13th sample
Fig. 7. Tensile curves of samples prepared under different powder recycling times after heat treatment. (a) Room temperature;(b) 650 ℃
Fig. 8. RT tensile fracture morphologies of samples prepared under different powder recycling times after heat treatment. (a)(b)(c) 0th sample; (d)(e)(f) 6th sample; (g)(h)(i) 10th sample; (j)(k)(l) 13th sample
Fig. 9. Longitudinal section microstructures of RT tensile fracture morphologies of samples prepared under different powder recycling times after heat treatment. (a)(b)(c)(d) 0th sample; (e)(f)(g)(h) 6th sample; (i)(j)(k)(l) 10th sample; (m)(n)(o)(p) 13th sample
Fig. 10. 650 ℃ tensile fracture morphologies of samples prepared under different powder recycling times after heat treatment.
Fig. 11. Longitudinal section microstructures of 650 ℃ tensile fracture morphologies of samples prepared under different powder recycling times after heat treatment. (a)(b)(c)(d) 0th sample; (e)(f)(g)(h) 6th sample; (i)(j)(k)(l) 10th sample; (m)(n)(o)(p) 13th sample
Fig. 12. TEM images near RT tensile fracture of samples prepared under different powder recycling times after heat treatment.
Fig. 13. TEM images near 650 ℃ tensile fracture of samples prepared under different powder recycling times after heat treatment.
Fig. 14. Tensile deformation mechanisms at RT and 650 °C. (a) RT; (b) 650 ℃
Recycling time | Ni | Cr | Mo | Al | Ti | Nb | C | O | N | Fe |
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0 | 51.55 | 18.30 | 3.21 | 0.60 | 0.91 | 5.42 | 0.04 | 0.020 | 0.0089 | Bal. | 6 | 51.54 | 18.33 | 3.24 | 0.60 | 0.92 | 5.42 | 0.04 | 0.022 | 0.0090 | Bal. | 10 | 51.56 | 18.30 | 3.26 | 0.63 | 0.91 | 5.41 | 0.04 | 0.023 | 0.0095 | Bal. | 13 | 51.54 | 18.35 | 3.25 | 0.65 | 0.89 | 5.43 | 0.04 | 0.026 | 0.0095 | Bal. |
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Table 1. Measured compositions of GH4169 alloy powders under different recycling times (mass fraction, %)
Heat treatment regime | Vacuum homogenization | Vacuum solution | Vacuum aging |
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Content | 1080 ℃, 1.5 h/Ar cooling, heating rate of 10 ℃/ min | 980 ℃, 1 h/Ar cooling | 720 ℃, 8 h/Ar cooling, 620 ℃, 8 h/Ar cooling |
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Table 2. Heat treatment regimes for fabricating GH4169 samples
Recycling time | D10 /μm | D50 /μm | D90 /μm | Peak particle size /μm | Extreme particle size /μm | Average particle size /μm |
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0 | 11.00 | 28.62 | 52.64 | 37.77 | 75.00 | 30.45 | 6 | 14.14 | 32.60 | 55.43 | 39.22 | 77.00 | 33.84 | 10 | 16.40 | 35.64 | 57.39 | 41.80 | 81.00 | 41.80 | 13 | 15.72 | 38.09 | 61.59 | 47.21 | 85.00 | 38.45 |
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Table 3. Particle size distributions of powder under different recycling times
Alloy | UTS /MPa (room temperature) | YS/MPa (room temperature) | Strain /% (room temperature) | UTS /MPa(650 ℃) | YS /MPa(650 ℃) | Strain /%(650 ℃) |
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0th | 1418.00 | 1332.70 | 20.50 | 1185.00 | 1103.00 | 22.50 | 6th | 1430.00 | 1318.70 | 22.00 | 1205.00 | 1130.00 | 24.00 | 10th | 1410.00 | 1298.50 | 23.10 | 1180.00 | 1098.00 | 22.00 | 13th | 1395.00 | 1293.00 | 19.50 | 1165.00 | 1078.00 | 20.90 |
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Table 4. Tensile properties of samples prepared under different powder recycling times after heat treatment
Alloy | UTS /MPa (room temperature) | YS/MPa (room temperature) | Strain /% (room temperature) | UTS /MPa(650 ℃) | YS /MPa(650 ℃) | Strain /%(650 ℃) |
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Casting | 1082.00 | 912.00 | 27.80 | ‒ | ‒ | ‒ | Forge | 1280.00 | 1030.00 | 15.00 | 1000.00 | 860.00 | 15.00 | AM | 1390.80 | ‒ | 12.40 | 1126.00 | 965.00 | 21.00 | This research | 1415.00 | 1236.00 | 33.00 | 1181.00 | 1029.00 | 26.00 |
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Table 5. Performance comparison of GH4169 alloys with different states after heat treatment