[1] C. C. Bradley, W. R. Anderson, J. J. McClelland, and R. J. Celotta, Appl. Surf. Sci. 141, 210 (1999).

[2] J. J. McClelland, R. E. Scholten, E. C. Palm, and R. J. Celotta, Science 262, 877 (1993).

[3] G. Timp, R. E. Behringer, D. M. Tennant, J. E. Cunningham, M. Prentiss, and K. K. Berggren, Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 1636 (1992).

[4] W. Cai, C. Li, Y. Huo, and Y. Wang, Acta. Phys. Sin. (in Chinese) 48, 611 (1999).

[5] J. J. McClelland, W. R. Anderson, C. C. Bradley, M. Walkiewicz, R. J. Celotta, E. Jurdík, and R. D. Deslattes, J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. 108, 99 (2003).

[6] T. Li, Shanghai Measurement and Testing (in Chinese) 185, 8 (2005).

[7] J. J. McClelland, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 12, 1761 (1995).

[8] C. Zheng, T. Li, Y. Ma, S. Ma, and B. Zhang, Acta. Phys. Sin. (in Chinese) 55, 4528 (2006).

[9] X. Chen, H. Yao, and X. Chen, Chin. Opt. Lett. 2, 187 (2004).

[10] M. Zhao, Z. Wang, Y. Ma, B. Ma, and F. Li, Chin. Opt. Lett. 5, 602 (2007).

[11] W. R. Anderson, C. C. Bradley, J. J. McClelland, and R. J. Celotta, Phys. Rev. A 59, 2476 (1999).

[12] R. E. Scholten, R. Gupta, J. J. McClelland, R. J. Celotta, M. S. Lerenson, and M. G. Vangel, Phys. Rev. A 55, 1331 (1997).

[13] H. J. Metcalf and P. van der Straten, Laser Cooling and Trapping (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1999).

[14] B. Zhang, W. Zhang, Y. Ma, and T. Li, Acta. Phys. Sin. (in Chinese) 57, 5486 (2008).

[15] N. Ramsey, Molecular Beams (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1956).