In light of the interest that this class of atmospheric compounds currently attracts, the response of temperature on aerosol particle concentration was reviewed, through changing the temperature controlling method based on the Wide-range Particle Spectrometer(WPS). Firstly, the temperature of the sampling system of the wide range particle spectrometer is changed by the switching of the tantalum tube heater and the non - heating temperature control system. With the improving sampling system, the ambient and room aerosol were detected. According to the distribution of atmospheric aerosol at different temperatures, the distribution of atmospheric aerosol is discussed and analyzed. Results show that compared with the room aerosol, the peak value of the number concentration for ambient aerosol is obviously larger than the room air, which means there are more large diameter particles in ambient aerosol. This research will lay the basis that Wide-range Particle Spectrometer is very suitable for the detection of aerosol, and provide a scientific basis for the detection of atmospheric aerosol pollution.