Industrialization and urbanization have intensified the development transition and spatial restructuring of rural areas, which leads to the problems of urban-rural uncoordinated development and inadequate rural development. The "rural revitalization" strategy proposed by the 19th National Congress of the CPC in 2017 became the starting point of high-quality agricultural and rural development. As an advanced form of rural residents and settlements integrated development, the symbiotic degree of housing and industrial land can well reflect the quality and effect of rural revitalization. In this paper, Xuzhou, the central city of Huaihai Economic Zone, is selected as a case study. Land use data are used to explore the spatial symbiotic degree of residential and industrial land. From two dimensions of structure and function, this paper explores the symbiotic pattern of housing-industry in three spatial scales, namely district/county, town and village. The results show that: (1) The land supply of Xuzhou shows the imbalance of housing-industry. Housing space is more dominant than industrial space. Due to the current vacant land or abandoned land, the residential and industrial lands in use are more symbiotic. We propose to explore ways to allow the conversion of housing land into commercial land to increase the rural industrial space. At the same time, the government should guide the industrial development and revitalize the industrial spaces around central towns to improve the utilization efficiency of rural land. (2) The state of the symbiotic degrees at the three spatial scales has differences. The relationship between residential and industrial space at township scale is relatively stable and basically maintains in a relatively balanced state. It is concluded that township is the best scale for allocating land resources and implementing rural revitalization strategy. Villages exercise their own functions so that all of the villages form an organic combination at township level. Then, they will achieve the state of symbiosis. (3) In the following studies, the appropriate ratio of housing-industry land and the impact of agricultural land on housing-industry symbiosis need further exploration and analysis.