• Chinese Journal of Lasers
  • Vol. 51, Issue 1, 0106001 (2024)
Lili Hu*, Suya Feng, Meng Wang, Shikai Wang, Fan Wang, Mengting Guo, Chunlei Yu, and Danping Chen
Author Affiliations
  • Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
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    DOI: 10.3788/CJL231257 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Lili Hu, Suya Feng, Meng Wang, Shikai Wang, Fan Wang, Mengting Guo, Chunlei Yu, Danping Chen. Research Progress on Yb-Doped Large Mode Field Photonic Crystal Fibers (Invited)[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2024, 51(1): 0106001 Copy Citation Text show less
    Effects of structure parameters of PCF on effective refractive index of cladding. (a) Relationship among effective refractive index of cladding and parameters of air holes; (b) cross section of PCF
    Fig. 1. Effects of structure parameters of PCF on effective refractive index of cladding. (a) Relationship among effective refractive index of cladding and parameters of air holes; (b) cross section of PCF
    Confinement loss, overlap factor, and mode field area of 40-μm-core PCF (d=2 μm, Λ=13 μm) versus refractive index of core. (a) Confinement loss; (b) overlap factor and mode field area
    Fig. 2. Confinement loss, overlap factor, and mode field area of 40-μm-core PCF (d=2 μm, Λ=13 μm) versus refractive index of core. (a) Confinement loss; (b) overlap factor and mode field area
    Effects of stress area on polarization performance. (a) Structure of boron-doped glass rod unit; (b) confinement loss and birefringence of PCF versus boron-doped glass rod size
    Fig. 3. Effects of stress area on polarization performance. (a) Structure of boron-doped glass rod unit; (b) confinement loss and birefringence of PCF versus boron-doped glass rod size
    Fabrication process flow of Yb-doped silica glass rod and PCF based on sol-gel method combined with high temperature sintering technique[32]
    Fig. 4. Fabrication process flow of Yb-doped silica glass rod and PCF based on sol-gel method combined with high temperature sintering technique[32]
    Performance of Yb-doped silica glass rod[33]. (a) Picture of glass rod; (b) profile of refractive index
    Fig. 5. Performance of Yb-doped silica glass rod[33]. (a) Picture of glass rod; (b) profile of refractive index
    Effect of thermal history on refractive index[34]. (a) Refractive indexes of core glass YbAPF0.85 and cladding glass F300 with different thermal histories at 1064 nm; (b) numerical aperture
    Fig. 6. Effect of thermal history on refractive index[34]. (a) Refractive indexes of core glass YbAPF0.85 and cladding glass F300 with different thermal histories at 1064 nm; (b) numerical aperture
    Effect of thermal history on output beam quality[34]. (a) Laser beam profile of pristine YbAPF PCF; (b) laser beam profile of annealed YbAPF PCF
    Fig. 7. Effect of thermal history on output beam quality[34]. (a) Laser beam profile of pristine YbAPF PCF; (b) laser beam profile of annealed YbAPF PCF
    Cross sections of four kinds of Yb3+-doped LMA PCFs fabricated in SIOM. (a) Cross section of 50-μm-core PCF; (b) cross section of 75-μm-core PCF; (c) cross section of 40-μm-core PCF; (d) cross section of 100-μm-core PCF
    Fig. 8. Cross sections of four kinds of Yb3+-doped LMA PCFs fabricated in SIOM. (a) Cross section of 50-μm-core PCF; (b) cross section of 75-μm-core PCF; (c) cross section of 40-μm-core PCF; (d) cross section of 100-μm-core PCF
    Early developed PCF and laser performance[44]. (a) Cross section of Yb-doped LMA PCF; (b) picture of fiber core; (c) amplified output laser intensity distribution in near field; (d) power amplification curve
    Fig. 9. Early developed PCF and laser performance[44]. (a) Cross section of Yb-doped LMA PCF; (b) picture of fiber core; (c) amplified output laser intensity distribution in near field; (d) power amplification curve
    Test optical path of amplification performance of PCF[41]
    Fig. 10. Test optical path of amplification performance of PCF[41]
    Amplification curve of Yb-doped LMA PCF with 50 μm core diameter and beam quality at different powers[41]
    Fig. 11. Amplification curve of Yb-doped LMA PCF with 50 μm core diameter and beam quality at different powers[41]
    Output laser spectra of Yb-doped LMA PCF with 50 μm core diameter at different repetition rates[41]
    Fig. 12. Output laser spectra of Yb-doped LMA PCF with 50 μm core diameter at different repetition rates[41]
    Power stability of Yb-doped LMA PCF with 50 μm core diameter at 120 W output[41]
    Fig. 13. Power stability of Yb-doped LMA PCF with 50 μm core diameter at 120 W output[41]
    Refractive index profile of core glass rod with high Yb doping concentration
    Fig. 14. Refractive index profile of core glass rod with high Yb doping concentration
    Output laser performance of Yb-doped LMA PCF with 75 μm core diameter[42]. (a) Power amplification curve and beam quality; (b) output laser spectrum
    Fig. 15. Output laser performance of Yb-doped LMA PCF with 75 μm core diameter[42]. (a) Power amplification curve and beam quality; (b) output laser spectrum
    Beam profiles in near field under single mode laser excitation at different positions of ytterbium doped PM PCF with 40 μm core diameter
    Fig. 16. Beam profiles in near field under single mode laser excitation at different positions of ytterbium doped PM PCF with 40 μm core diameter
    Polarization output performance of Yb3+ doped PM PCF with 40 μm core diameter. (a) Transmission spectra in slow and fast axes with 30 cm bending diameter; (b) transmittance in slow axis with different bending diameters
    Fig. 17. Polarization output performance of Yb3+ doped PM PCF with 40 μm core diameter. (a) Transmission spectra in slow and fast axes with 30 cm bending diameter; (b) transmittance in slow axis with different bending diameters
    Laser performance of Yb3+ doped PM PCF with 40 μm core diameter. (a) Output power and change of beam profile with pump power; (b) power stability for 2 h at 100 W amplified output
    Fig. 18. Laser performance of Yb3+ doped PM PCF with 40 μm core diameter. (a) Output power and change of beam profile with pump power; (b) power stability for 2 h at 100 W amplified output
    Output power and beam profile of Yb-doped PM PCF versus pump power with 100 μm core diameter
    Fig. 19. Output power and beam profile of Yb-doped PM PCF versus pump power with 100 μm core diameter
    Research progress of Yb-doped LMA PCF developed in SIOM
    Fig. 20. Research progress of Yb-doped LMA PCF developed in SIOM
    TimeCompositionMole fraction of Yb2O3 /%Fiber typeCore diameter /μmLaser woke modeAverage power / WPeak powerM2Reference
    2012Yb/Al0.3PCF30CW6.819
    2013Yb/Al0.1PCF90CW8120
    2013Yb/Al/P0.05PCF35CW3536
    2015Yb/Al/P0.035

    DCF

    PCF

    35

    50

    CW

    3.2

    46

    1.3

    37
    2016Yb/Al0.1PCF105MOPA2551.2 MW>1038
    2017Yb/Al0.1PCF100MOPA3101.5 MW539
    2017Yb/Al/P/F0.075PCF50MOPA9793 kW1.440
    2019Yb/Al/P/F0.09PCF50MOPA272266 kW2.241
    2019Yb/Al/P/F0.15PCF75MOPA1021 MW2.142
    2021Yb/Al/P/F0.15PM-PCF40MOPA1031.4643
    2023Yb/Al/P/F0.15PM-PCF100MOPA~50~1.3Proposed
    Table 1. Basic parameters and laser amplification results of self-developed Yb-doped LMA PCF
    Fiber specificationValue
    Core diameter~40 μm
    Cladding diameter(200±10)μm
    Absorption coefficient @915 nm3 dB/m‒3.5 dB/m
    Absorption coefficient @976 nm~10 dB/m
    Core NA @1030 nm~0.03
    Cladding NA @976 nm~0.46
    Mode field diameter @1030 nm(29±2)μm
    Birefringence @1080 nm≥10-4
    Table 2. Basic parameters of ytterbium doped PM PCF with 40 μm core diameter
    Fiber specificationValue
    Core diameter~100 μm
    Cladding diameter(285±10)μm
    Absorption coefficient @915 nm~10 dB/m
    Absorption coefficient @976 nm~30 dB/m
    Core NA @976 nm~0.01
    Cladding NA @976 nm>0.46
    Mode filed diameter @1050 nm(75±5)μm
    Table 3. Parameters of Yb-doped PM PCF with 100 μm core diameter
    Lili Hu, Suya Feng, Meng Wang, Shikai Wang, Fan Wang, Mengting Guo, Chunlei Yu, Danping Chen. Research Progress on Yb-Doped Large Mode Field Photonic Crystal Fibers (Invited)[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2024, 51(1): 0106001
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