Architectural coatings sold in market fall into many categories which mean different models and qualities. The research plans to differentiate different kinds of architectural coatings in quality using hyperspectral technology. Near-Infrared hyperspectral images of four kinds of architectural coatings (in a descending quality order of brand A, B, C, and D) in same color were acquired. The optimal wavelengths were selected at 1 283 and 2 447 nm to differentiate the four kinds of coatings through ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) method. The band ratio index of R1 283/R2 447 was built and the results were segmented into the corresponding coatings, and the accuracies of segmentation were compared with that from Maximum Likely Classification (MLC). The results indicated all J-M distances are more than 1.8 except between C and D; the lowest accuracy of 87.54% in segmentation and 95.63% in MLC were both from brand D, and others’ accuracies all were over 90% in both ratio index and MLC. Therefore, the ratio index R1 283/R2 447 could be used to distinguish different kinds of architectural coatings. Also, the research could provide support for identification, quality acceptance, as well as conformity assessment of architectural coatings.