Satellite-borne imaging Differential Optical Absorption Spectrometers typically operate in a polar, sun-synchronous orbit, capturing reflected light from the Earth to measure gas concentrations via absorption intensities at specific spectral lines. First-generation instruments often suffer from low dynamic range, leading to signal saturation in bright areas and insufficient readings in dim ones. The advent of advanced image detectors with deeper full-well capacities and higher readout frequencies allows for the development of second-generation high-dynamic range instruments. This article details the design and implementation of the imaging circuit for a high-dynamic range Satellite-borne imaging Differential Optical Absorption Spectrometer, including detector selection, design strategies, and real circuit testing and analysis. The article elaborates on high-dynamic range design, introduces the concept of maximum measurement value for a single point along with its calculation formula, analyzes the relationship between maximum single-point measurement value and dynamic range, and offers a method for evaluating detection capability in single-point measurements. Additionally, the article presents a strategy to further enhance dynamic range and serves as a reference for R&D in similar applications.