The TiC (mass fraction of 30%) reinforced Ti matrix bulk-form nanocomposites are successfully prepared by selective laser melting (SLM) process. The influence of the applied laser linear energy density η (the ratio of laser power to scan speed) on surface morphology, densification level, microstructure, and mechanical performance of SLM-processed parts is studied. It shows that when η is 400 J/m, the SLM-processed part has a relatively smooth surface. A high relative density of 95.5% and an average microhardness of 750 HV are obtained. The TiC reinforcing phase is dispersed uniformly in the Ti matrix, exhibiting an ultrafine lamellar nanostructure. The dry sliding wear tests reveal that the TiC/Ti nanocomposites possess a considerably low friction coefficient of 0.2, which is much lower than SLM-processed pure titanium parts of 1.2. The densification rate, microhardness, and wear performance decrease at a higher laser energy density of 800 J/m due to the formation of thermal cracks and the coarsening of TiC dendritic reinforcing phase.