Recently a high optical efficiency all-fiber coherent Doppler lidar(CDL) system was developed to achieve real-time measurements of wind fields. The coherent lidar worked on 1.55 ?滋m band, the diameter of the felescope was 50 mm, the temporal and spatial resolution were 1 s and 30 m respectively. In addition, the system consisted of a fiber-based optical transceiver unit, a 2-axis scanner which can program scanning scheme, and a multicore digital signal processor (DSP) for real-time signal processing. Theoretical performances of the system in wind sensing were estimated and compared with experimental results, it verified that the measurement range was 5 km. In comparative experiment, the system and ultrasonic anemometer measured wind field simultaneously. Measured data were compared and analyzed, the result were listed as follow: correlation coefficient of wind speed was 0.980 and standard deviation was 0.235 m/s; correlation coefficient of wind direction was 0.993 and standard deviation was 3.105°. The results prove that the system has excellent performance, can be widely used for wind detection in atomospheric boundary layer.