For the special power requirements of the laser module, which is consist of the multiple laser diode (LD) chips series driven and the power of synthetic by combining the fiber, a small high-efficiency laser current source component is designed and developed, and a small high-efficiency semiconductor cooling thermal electrical cooler (TEC) fiber-coupled laser module temperature controlling component is presented as well. The component operating temperature range is from -45 ℃ to 55 ℃, and the result that the design can meet the performance requirements has been proved in the experiment. The mathematical model of LD module driving current source circuit is established. The digital design method of a laser current source controlling circuit is presented, and achieved using ADuC831. The temperature controlling component structure of a LD module based on the TEC is introduced, a simplified mathematical model of the temperature control component is established, and the coefficient of performance of the TEC ξ, the controlling side of the heat Qc and the operating current I of TEC are optimized to solve the problem of laser output wavelength drifting with temperature.