Compared with traditional metal materialAl2O3 fiber reinforced Al2O3 matrix (Al2O3/Al2O3) composites have become a new generation of thermos-structured composites for aerospace that have attracted much attention from scholars all over the world due to their high specific strengthlow densityhigh temperature resistance and oxidation resistance. This paper introduces the commonly used Al2O3 fibers and their basic propertiessummarizes the frequently used interfacial phases in Al2O3/Al2O3 composites and their influence on performance of compositessummarizes the preparation process of Al2O3/Al2O3 composites and their propertiesand points out the future development trend of this materialaiming to provide a reference for the research of Al2O3/Al2O3 composites in China and promote the widespread application of Al2O3/Al2O3 composites in high-temperature components at the hot side of aerospace industry.