A fluorescence target historical image data storage system based on MongoDB database was constructed to address the issues of historical image data storage: continuously increasing data generated by the system, and slow historical data retrieval speed of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL) fluorescence target. To save, observe and analyze fluorescence target beam images, this article establishes an EPICS based historical data archiving system to obtain PV (Process Variable) data of fluorescence target images. The obtained data is stored using MongoDB database sharding technology, and the image conversion and web page implementation are achieved through the Django framework. Image classification algorithms are applied in the system to improve data read and write speed. This system can stably obtain, store, and observe fluorescence target beam history images on HIRFL, providing convenience for beam analysis and tuning work.