Fast steering mirrors (FSM) are widely used in aeronautical optoelectronic stabilization platform for line-of-sight stabilization. The stability of the FSM is affected by various disturbances especially the vibration in the aviation environment. Traditional anti-disturbance methods, such as proportion integration differentiation controller (PID) and disturbance observer (DOB), have a little effect on suppressing disturbance in FSM. To solve these problems, a fast anti-disturbance strategy based on adaptive robust control (ARC) is proposed. The experimental results show that the steady-state root mean square error of FSM in vibration environment is reduced by about 80% compared with that of the PID control strategy and about 60% compared with that of the DOB control strategy after the introduction of the ARC. It shows that ARC has remarkable effect on improving the anti-interference ability and stability of FSM, and has large engineering application value.