Author Affiliations
1Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, Shandong, China2State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, Shaanxi, China3School of Mechatronics Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, Liaoning, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Schematic of electrolyte jet machining
Fig. 2. Microstructure characteristics of Inconel 718 alloy at different cross sections by laser directed energy deposition. Dendrite morphologies at (a) horizontal and (b) vertical sections; phase compositions and distributions at (c) horizontal and (d) vertical sections
Fig. 3. Element distributions of Inconel 718 alloy by laser directed energy deposition
Fig. 4. Surface microstructures of as-deposited Inconel 718 alloy after EJM at different pulse frequencies. (a) 30 kHz; (b) 40 kHz; (c) 60 kHz; (d) 80 kHz; (e) 100 kHz
Fig. 5. Surface roughness and cross-section morphologies of groove prepared by EJM under different pulse frequencies. (a) Surface roughness; (b) cross-section morphologies
Fig. 6. Surface microstructures of as-deposited Inconel 718 alloy after EJM under different duty ratios. (a) 30%; (b) 40%; (c) 50%; (d) 60%; (e) 70%; (f) 80%
Fig. 7. Surface roughness and cross-section morphologies of groove prepared by EJM under different pulse duty ratios. (a) Surface roughness; (b) cross-section morphologies
Fig. 8. Surface microstructures of as-deposited Inconel 718 alloy under different current modes and current densities. (a)(b) 1.05 A/cm2;(c)(d) 5.26 A/cm2; (e)(f) 10.50 A/cm2
Fig. 9. Surface roughness and cross-section morphologies of groove prepared by EJM under different current modes. (a) Surface roughness; (b) cross-section morphologies
Fig. 10. Schematics of surface levelling after EJM under direct-current mode. (a) Transpassive dissolution stage; (b) salt film levelling stage
Fig. 11. Equivalent circuit based on RC model in EJM
Fig. 12. Schematics of surface leveling after EJM under pulse current mode. (a) Transpassive dissolution stage; (b) salt film levelling stage; (c) salt film disappearing stage
Fig. 13. Waveform diagrams of pulse voltage during EJM. (a) Waveform diagram at 30000 Hz; (b) double-layer charging; (c) double-layer discharging
Composition | Fe | Cr | Nb | Mo | Ti | Al | C | Mn | Si | Ni |
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Mass fraction /% | 18.590 | 18.350 | 5.130 | 3.080 | 1.090 | 0.510 | 0.043 | 0.160 | 0.220 | Bal. |
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Table 1. Chemical compositions of Inconel 718 alloy powder
Group No. | Frequency / kHz | Duty ratio /% | Feeding speed / (mm/s) | Translating number |
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1 | 30 | 50 | 2 | 60 | 2 | 40 | 50 | 2 | 60 | 3 | 60 | 50 | 2 | 60 | 4 | 80 | 50 | 2 | 60 | 5 | 100 | 50 | 2 | 60 |
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Table 2. Experimental parameters under different pulse frequencies during EJM
Group No. | Frequency / kHz | Duty ratio /% | Feeding speed / (mm/s) | Translating number |
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1 | 30 | 30 | 2 | 100 | 2 | 30 | 40 | 2 | 75 | 3 | 30 | 50 | 2 | 60 | 4 | 30 | 60 | 2 | 50 | 5 | 30 | 70 | 2 | 43 | 6 | 30 | 80 | 2 | 38 |
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Table 3. Experimental parameters under different pulse duty ratios during EJM
Group No. | Current mode | Current density / (A/cm2) | Frequency /kHz | Duty ratio /% | Feeding speed /(mm/s) | Translating number |
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1 | Direct current | 1.05 | | | 2 | 300 | 2 | Direct current | 5.26 | | | 2 | 60 | 3 | Direct current | 10.5 | | | 2 | 30 | 4 | Pulse current | 1.05 | 30 | 50 | 2 | 600 | 5 | Pulse current | 5.25 | 30 | 50 | 2 | 120 | 6 | Pulse current | 10.50 | 30 | 50 | 2 | 60 |
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Table 4. Experimental parameters under different current modes during EJM