The method of synthesizing one-dimensional range profile was studied. It’s a method based on the stepped-frequency high range resolution microwave radar. The effect of rotation on range profile of slender target (scattering points stand alone) was analyzed qualitatively, then the imaging formula and requirement of range profile were derived. A detailed analysis for only two scattering points was given quantitatively. In addition, the effect of slender target of many scattering points standing alone was discussed. According to the above analysis, an efficient way to recognize target was provided.