Two compounds of molybdate with 2,2′-bipy and ［MoO3］: ［(2,2′-bipy)2(MoO3)3］n(Ⅰ) and ［(2,2′-bipy)(MoO3)］n(Ⅱ) were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis method with programmable temperature control. In order to clarify the relationship between the structure and spectroscopy of these two compounds, both of them were characterized by means of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra(FTIR), thermal perturbation 2D-IR correlation spectrum (2D-IR COS), thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), High temperature infrared analysis, UV-Vis DRS adsorption spectra and solid fluorescence spectrum to investigate the relationship between structure and properties of the title compounds. The powder XRD patterns of the complexes are well matched with the simulation based on single-crystal analysis, which indicate that compound Ⅰ and Ⅱ are in a pure phase. The characteristics of vibration frequency of FTIR and thermal perturbation relative spectral response of 2D-IR peak is consistent with the compound Ⅰ and Ⅱ structure analysis. The synchronous and asynchronous correlation 2D-IR spectra of compounds also identified the compounds Ⅰ and Ⅱ molybdenum-oxygen cluster skeletons sequencing of vibration intensity change with temperature consistent with the high temperature infrared analysis. Through the TGA and high temperature infrared analysis it was found that the decomposition temperature was more than 300 ℃ and maximum weight losses rates above 800 ℃, which suggest that they have good thermal stability. According to the UV-Vis DRS spectrum of the compound Ⅰ and Ⅱ there exists a wide ultraviolet absorption band in a range of 225 to 350 nm. The compound Ⅰand Ⅱsteady-state fluorescence spectrum under the excitation of 277 and 295 nm respectively revealed compound Ⅰ and Ⅱ have the strongest emission peak at 460 and 480 nm respectively. This paper illustrates the coordination situation of these two compounds, and reveals the inherent law of valence electrons in molecule energy level transition. In the meantime it was verified that the weak interaction not only plays a role of stability in the frame of the structure of the complexes, but also plays an important role in heat resistance.