It is necessary to develop a remote and non-contact technology for material composition analysis in metallurgy, nuclear industry and deep space exploration to protect the operator and equipment in hazardous environments from high temperature and strong radiation. The remote Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (Remote LIBS) technology is a combination of the two key technologies including the long-distance transmission and control of laser and the collection of weak spectra signals, which can be used to obtain the information of target material composition from a distance. In this review, the remote LIBS systems with different optical structures are presented. The characteristics and bottlenecks of them are also compared. To improve the detection sensitivity and distance, the signal enhancement methods for remote LIBS are summarized in this review. The combination of LIBS and Raman technology used in remote sensing is introduced too. Finally, some typical application of remote LIBS such as explosives detection, nuclear industry, deep space detection, etc. are discussed, and the development of remote LIBS in the future is prospected.