Fig. 1. Geometry of (a) element 1 and (b) element 2.单元三维结构示意图　(a) 单元1; (b) 单元2

Fig. 2. Reflection characteristics with and without matching load: (a) Reflection magnitude; (b) reflection phase.匹配负载对EMS1反射特性的影响　(a) 反射幅度; (b) 反射相位

Fig. 3. Effects of various parameters on reflection performance: Effects of l₁ on (a) reflection magnitude and (b) phase; effects of s₁ on (c) reflection magnitude and (d) phase; effects of w₁ on (e) reflection magnitude and (f) phase. 不同参数对EMS1反射特性的影响　(a) l₁对反射幅度的影响; (b) l₁对反射相位的影响; (c) s₁对反射幅度的影响; (d) s₁对反射相位的影响; (e) w₁对反射幅度的影响; (f) w₁对反射相位的影响

Fig. 4. Influences of arc-shaped structure on reflection coefficient |S₁₁| and reflection phase. 弧形缺口对天线|S₁₁|及y极化下反射相位的影响

Fig. 5. Radiation properties of two elements: (a) Reflection coefficients |S₁₁|; (b) two-dimensional radiation patterns at 5.8 GHz. 天线单元辐射特性　(a) |S₁₁|; (b) 方向图

Fig. 6. Reflection characteristics of two elements: (a) Reflection magnitude; (b) reflection phase.EMS反射特性　(a) 反射幅度; (b) 反射相位

Fig. 7. Surface E-field distributions at 5.8 GHz of (a) E1 and (b) E2; surface current distributions (c) at 5.24 GHz of EMS1 and (d) at 6.86 GHz of EMS2. 表面电场与电流分布　(a) E1在5.8 GHz的表面电场分布; (b) E2在5.8 GHz的表面电场分布; (c) EMS1在5.24 GHz的表面电流分布; (d) EMS2在6.86 GHz的表面电流分布

Fig. 8. Schematic geometry of the proposed antenna array设计天线阵的模型示意图

Fig. 9. Simulated radiation properties of proposed antenna array: (a) Reflection coefficients |S₁₁|; (b) gain; two-dimensional radiation patterns at 5.8 GHz for (c) xoz plane; (d) yoz plane. 仿真天线阵辐射性能　(a) |S₁₁|; (b) 增益; (c) 5.8 GHz处xoz面辐射方向图; (d) 5.8 GHz处yoz面辐射方向图

Fig. 10. Simulated scattering properties of antenna array under normal incidence: (a) x-polarization; (b) y-polarization. 电磁波垂直入射时天线阵单站RCS　(a) x极化; (b) y极化

Fig. 11. Simulated specular scattering properties of antenna array for incident angle of 30°: (a) x-polarized incidence; (b) y-polarized incidence. 电磁波斜30°入射时天线阵镜像双站RCS　(a) x极化; (b) y极化

Fig. 12. Three-dimensional scattering patterns of total RCS at 5.8 GHz under x-polarized incidence for (a) metal board and (b) antenna array; under y-polarized incidence for (c) metal board and (d) antenna array. 5.8 GHz处三维散射图　(a) x极化下金属板; (b) x极化下天线阵; (c) y极化下金属板; (d) y极化下天线阵

Fig. 13. Fabricated sample of antenna array and testing environment: (a) Sample; (b) one in two power divider RS2W2080-S and one in eight power dividers RS8W2080-S; (c) testing environment for scattering performance.阵列天线实物及测试配置图　(a) 天线阵实物; (b) 功分器; (c) 散射测试环境

Fig. 14. Measured radiation properties of antenna array: (a) Measured reflection coefficients |S₁₁|; two-dimensional radiation patterns at 5.8 GHz for (b) xoz plane; (c) yoz plane. 实测天线阵的辐射特性　(a) |S₁₁|; (b) 5.8 GHz处xoz面辐射方向图; (c) 5.8 GHz处yoz面辐射方向图

Fig. 15. RCS reduction in contract to metal board for incident angles of (a) 0° and (b) 30°.RCS减缩量　(a) 入射波垂直入射; (b) 入射波斜30°入射

Table 1. Comparison between this work and other antenna arrays in Ref. [17−20].