[1] Yamada M, Kulsrud R, Ji H T 2010 Rev. Mod. Phys. 82603

[2] Zhong J Y, Li Y T, Wang X G, Wang J Q, Dong Q L, Xiao C J, Wang S J, Liu X, Zhang L, An L, Wang F L, Zhu J Q, Gu Y, He X T, Zhao G, Zhang J 2010 Nat. Phys. 6 984

[3] Yamada M 2007 Phys. Plasmas 14 058102

[4] Parker E N 1957 J. Geophys. Res. 62 509

[5] Sitnov M I, Sharma A S, Papadopoulos K, Vassiliadis D 2001 Phys. Rev. E 65 016116

[6] Nishizuka N, Hayashi Y, Tanabe H, Kuwahata A, Kaminou Y, Ono Y, Inomoto M, Shimizu T 2012 Astrophys. J. 756 152

[7] Jing J, Yurchyshyn Vasyl B, Yang G, Xu Y, Wang H M 2004 Astrophys. J. 614 1054

[8] Lin R P, Krucker S, Hurford G J, Smith D M, Hudson H S, Holman G D, Schwartz R A, Dennis B R, Share G H, Murphy R J, Emslie A G, Johns-Krull C, Vilmer N 2003 Astrophys. J. 595 L69

[9] Yamada M, Yoo J, Jara-Almonte J, Ji H T, Kulsrud R M, Myers C E 2014 Nat. Comm. 5 4774

[11] Begelman M C, Blandford R D, Rees M J 1984 Rev. Mod. Phys. 56 255

[12] Remington B A, Drake R P, Ryutov D D 2006 Rev. Mod. Phys. 78 755

[14] Haines M G 1986 Can. J. Phys. 64 912

[15] Stamper J A, Papadopoulos K, Sudan R N, Dean S O, McLean E A, Dawson M J 1971 Phys. Rev. Lett. 26 1012

[16] Haines M G 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 254

[17] Li C K, Se’guin F H, Frenje J A, Rygg J R, Petrasso R D 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 135003

[18] Nilson P M, Willingale L, Kaluza M C, Kamperidis C, Minardi S, Wei M S, Fernandes P, Notley M, Bandyopadhyay S, Sherlock M, Kingham R J, Tatarakis M, Najmudin Z, Rozmus W, Evans R G, Haines M G, Dangor A E, Krushelnick K 2008 Phys. Plasmas 15 092701

[19] Nilson P M, Willingale L, Kaluza M C, Kamperidis C, Minardi S, Wei M S, Fernandes P, Notley M, Bandyopadhyay S, Sherlock M, Kingham R J, Tatarakis M, Najmudin Z, Rozmus W, Evans R G, Haines M G, Dangor A E, Krushelnick K 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 255001

[21] Hipp M, Woisetschlager J, Reiterer P, Neger T 2004 Measurement 36 53