With the rapid development of modern digital manufacturing technology, in the field of industrial product measurement, the measurement of the geometric dimensions of objects need some requirements, such as non-contact, high-precision, multiple sizes, high-volume, etc. The existing measurement technologies cannot meet these requirements. In order to achieve multiple sizes, high-efficiency, rapid, and non-contact precise measurement, fiber-coupled lasers with the advantages of good beam quality, ultra-fine line width, high precision, good monochromaticity, small size, convenient using, no adjustment, maintenance-free and high stability were used to develop a precision non-contact measurment system based on fiber lasers. A high-precision measurement method based on fiber-coupled lasers was proposed, which mainly included object imaging based on fiber-optic line laser, bilateral filtering and extraction of laser line, mathematical relationship establishment of measurement model, geometric parameter calibration, data conversion and 3D reconstruction and other key technologies. The fiber laser continuously emitted laser line to the object, adopted a high-resolution camera, and photographed the laser line image of the object through two imaging techniques of illumination/non-illumination to acquire 2D plane size and height information of the object. The laser line image was filtered and corrected, the laser line was quickly extracted, the geometric parameters were calibrated and the coordinate transformation was performed, and then the processing data was processed to obtain the measurement value of the measurement parts of the object. A large number of object measurements and comparative experiments were carried out to verify the validity and accuracy of the measurement system and measurement method. The measurement accuracy can reach micron level. It provides an efficient method and measurement equipment for the three-dimensional high-precision non-contact measurement of industrial products.