A monoatomic graphene layer exhibits considerably low absorptance, limiting its application in the optoelectronics field to some extent. In this study, we propose a method of enhancing the absorption of graphene using magneto-optical photonic crystals based on the magneto-optical effect of graphene. Subsequently, the 4×4 transfer matrix method was employed to study the influence of the relevant physical parameters on the absorption of graphene. The results show that the absorption of graphene can be effectively enhanced by adjusting the external magnetic field and that the absorption properties of graphene exhibit a certain amount of magnetic circular dichroism. However, graphene can exhibit high absorption for both left and right circularly polarized light by appropriately adjusting the magnetic induction of the external magnetic field and the Fermi energy, and near-perfect absorption can be achieved under certain conditions. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis to design and fabricate novel graphene-based optoelectronic devices such as magnetic circular dichroism sensor with high-performance, optical absorbers, and photodetectors.