The tracking accuracy of high-precision photoelectric stability platform system is susceptible to friction torque and nonlinear interference.The additive decomposition theory is used to decompose the photoelectric stability platform system into the main system and the auxiliary system.An acceleration-based fractional-order PID control method is adopted for the main system to ensure the tracking accuracy of the visual axis.To the auxiliary system, a design method of fractional-order disturbance observer based on velocity signal is proposed.By using the characteristics that the fractional-order can be arbitrarily selected within the real number field, interference suppression and estimation compensation can be better solved to ensure the stability of the visual axis.A fractional-order sliding mode compensator is designed based on the fractional-order theory to further compensate for the unknown interference in the auxiliary system.The finite time convergence theory and the Lyapunov theory are used to prove that the system can achieve stability in a finite time.The experimental results show that, by using the method, the photoelectric stability platform system has high tracking accuracy for moving targets.