An infrared imaging simulation method for aerial targets is proposed. According to the law of energy conservation, the surface temperature field is solved by using the thermal equilibrium equation of the target in the sky background. The suitable bidirectional reflection distribution function model is selected to describe the reflection characteristics of the target surface element in the infrared band, which improves the realism of the infrared reflection of face element. Taking into account the geometric model of air target, the infrared radiation of target itself and the reflected radiation to background render the infrared image of aerial target in combination with the relevant theories of computer graphics. The modeling and simulation methods provide a reference for the detection, identification and tracking of aerial targets.