• Acta Physica Sinica
  • Vol. 68, Issue 3, 034204-1 (2019)
Juan Li, Jia-Ming Li, Chun-Xiao Cai, Heng-Xin Sun..., Kui Liu* and Jiang-Rui Gao|Show fewer author(s)
DOI: 10.7498/aps.68.20181625 Cite this Article
Juan Li, Jia-Ming Li, Chun-Xiao Cai, Heng-Xin Sun, Kui Liu, Jiang-Rui Gao. Enhancement of continuous-variable hyperentanglement by optimizing pump mode[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2019, 68(3): 034204-1 Copy Citation Text show less

Abstract

In recent years, more and more researchers have paid attention to the hyperentanglement, because it plays a very important role in the quantum information and quantum communication. Continuous-variable hyperentangled state with orbital angular momentum and spin angular momentum has a promising application in the parallel processing of continuous-variable multi-channel quantum information and multiparameters quantum metrology. Recently Liu et al. (2014 Phys. Rev. Lett.113 170501) have produced a quantum correlation of about 1.00 dB for the continuous-variable hyperentangled state by a type-II non-degenerate optical parametric amplifier. The generation of continuous-variable hyperentangled state is affected by the mode matching between the pump field and the down-conversion field, since the hyperentanglement contains spatial high-order transverse mode entanglement. In the present paper, we first theoretically analyze the relationship between the pump and the two down-conversion modes and demonstrate the dependence of the inseparability on normalized pump power for the different pump modes. Hence, we find that the optimal pump mode is the superposition of ${\rm{LG}}_0^0$ mode and ${\rm{LG}}_1^0$ mode. However, the optimal pump mode is rather complicated and difficult to experimentally generate, in the alternative scheme the ${\rm{LG}}_1^0$ mode is used as the pump field to obtain the optimal entanglement. In the experiment, the ${\rm{LG}}_1^0$ mode is produced by converting the HG11 mode with a π/2 converter, and here the HG11 mode is achieved by tailoring the fundamental mode with a four-quadrant phase mask and a filtering cavity. Then the ${\rm{LG}}_0^0$ mode or ${\rm{LG}}_1^0$ mode is used as the pump field to drive the non-degenerate optical parametric amplifier operating in spatial multimode. When the non-degenerate optical parametric amplifier is operated in the de-amplification, the hyperentanglement with orbital angular momentum and spin angular momentum is produced. The output entangled b
$H^=iεp(a^pa^p)+iχΓ×(a^pa^i,1a^s,1a^pa^i,1a^s,1+a^pa^i,1a^s,1a^pa^i,1a^s,1).$(1)

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$a^˙p=εpγpa^pχΓa^i,1a^s,1χΓa^i,1a^s,1,a^˙i,±1=γi,±1a^i,±1+χΓa^pa^s,1+2γi,±1b^i,±1in+2μi,±1c^i,±1in,a^˙s,±1=γs,±1a^s,±1+χΓa^pa^i,1+2γs,±1b^s,±1in+2μs,±1c^s,±1in,$(2)

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$\varGamma = \int_{ - \infty }^{ + \infty } {{\nu ^{\rm{p}}}({{r}}){\mu ^{\rm{s}}}^ * ({{r}}){\mu ^{\rm{i}}}^ * ({{r}})} {\rm{d}}{{r}},$(3)

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${V_{{{\hat X}_{{\rm{s}}, \pm 1}} + {{\hat X}_{{\rm{i,\mp1}}}}}} = {V_{{{\hat P}_{_{{\rm{s,}} \pm {\rm{1}}}}} - {{\hat P}_{{\rm{i,\mp1}}}}}} = 1 - {\eta _{{\rm{esc}}}}\frac{{4\sigma }}{{{{(1 + \sigma )}^2} + {\varOmega ^2}}}, $(4)

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$V = {\rm{2}} - {\eta _{{\rm{esc}}}}\frac{{8\sqrt {{{{p_{{\rm{re}}}}} / {{p_{{\rm{th}}}}}}} }}{{{{(1 + \sqrt {{{{p_{{\rm{re}}}}} / {{p_{{\rm{th}}}}}}} )}^2} + {\varOmega ^2}}} < 2, $(5)

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$\varGamma = \sum\limits_{p = 0}^\infty {{c_p}\int_{ - \infty }^{ + \infty } {{\nu _{0p}}({{r}})\mu _{_1}^ * ({{r}})\mu _{_{ - 1}}^ * ({{r}})} {\rm{d}}{{r}}} = \sum\limits_{p = 0}^\infty {{c_p}{\varGamma _{0p}}}, $(6)

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$Δ2(X^i,H01+X^s,H01)+Δ2(P^i,H01P^s,H01)=1.27±0.02<2,Δ2(X^i,H10+X^s,H10)+Δ2(P^i,H10P^s,H10)=1.19±0.02<2,$(7)

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$Δ2(X^i,H01+X^s,H01)+Δ2(P^i,H01P^s,H01)=0.99±0.02<2,Δ2(X^i,H10+X^s,H10)+Δ2(P^i,H10P^s,H10)=0.97±0.02<2.$(8)

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$V(a^+1,a^1)=Δ2(X^+1+X^1)+Δ2(P^+1P^1)<2, $(9)

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$V({\hat a_{\rm{s}}},{\hat a_{\rm{i}}}) = \left\langle {{\Delta ^2}\left( {{{\hat X}_{\rm{i}}} + {{\hat X}_{\rm{s}}}} \right)} \right\rangle + \left\langle {{\Delta ^2}\left( {{{\hat P}_{\rm{i}}} - {{\hat P}_{\rm{s}}}} \right)} \right\rangle < 2,$(10)

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Juan Li, Jia-Ming Li, Chun-Xiao Cai, Heng-Xin Sun, Kui Liu, Jiang-Rui Gao. Enhancement of continuous-variable hyperentanglement by optimizing pump mode[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2019, 68(3): 034204-1
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