• Chinese Optics Letters
  • Vol. 22, Issue 11, 113601 (2024)
Xinyi Ding1, Zerong Li1, Jiahui Ren1, Ziwei Zheng2..., Fei Ding3,* and Shiwei Tang1|Show fewer author(s)
Author Affiliations
  • 1School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
  • 2Digital Industry Research Institute, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
  • 3Centre for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
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    DOI: 10.3788/COL202422.113601 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Xinyi Ding, Zerong Li, Jiahui Ren, Ziwei Zheng, Fei Ding, Shiwei Tang, "Tunable vector vortex beam generation using phase change metasurfaces [Invited]," Chin. Opt. Lett. 22, 113601 (2024) Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    Vector vortex beams (VVBs), novel structured optical fields that combine the polarization properties of vector beams and phase characteristics of vortex beams, have garnered widespread attention in the photonics community. Capitalizing on recently developed metasurfaces, miniaturized VVB generators with advanced properties have been implemented. However, metasurface-empowered VVB generators remain static and can only generate one pre-designed structured light. Here, we propose a kind of phase change metasurface for tunable vector beam generation by utilizing anisotropic Ge2Sb2Se4Te1 (GSST) unit cells with tunable phase retardation when GSST transits between two different phase states. By properly rotating the orientations of the tunable GSST unit structures that transit between quarter-wave plates and half-wave plates, we can effectively transform incident plane waves into vector beams with distinct topological charges and polarization states. When GSST is in the amorphous state, the designed metasurface can transmit circularly polarized light into VVBs. In the crystalline state, the same GSST metasurface converts linearly polarized light into second-order radially polarized (RP) and azimuthally polarized (AP) beams. Our phase-change metasurface paves the way for precise control over the polarization patterns and vortex characteristics of beams, thereby enabling the exact manipulation of beam structures through the alteration of their phase states.
    M=|t|(cosθsinθsinθcosθ)(eiϕx00eiϕy)(cosθsinθsinθcosθ),

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    Ma=|t|eiϕx[isin2θ+cos2θ(1i)sinθcosθ(1i)sinθcosθsin2θ+icos2θ].

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    Eout=MaEin=|t|eiϕxeiθ[cos(θπ4)sin(θπ4)].

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    Eout=|t|ei(ϕx+π4)eiφ[cosφsinφ].

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    Eout=12|t|ei(ϕx+π4)[(1i)+ei2φ(1i)].

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    Eout=MaEin=|t|ei(ϕxπ4)eiφ[sinφcosφ].

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    Eout=12i|t|ei(ϕxπ4)[ei2φ(1i)+(1i)].

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    Mc=|t|eiϕx[cos2θsin2θsin2θcos2θ].

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    Eout=McEin=|t|eiϕx[sin2φcos2φ].

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    Eout=12i|t|eiϕx[ei2φ(1i)+ei2φ(1i)].

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    Eout=|t|eiϕx[cos2φsin2φ].

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    Eout=12|t|eiϕx[ei2φ(1i)+ei2φ(1i)].

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    Xinyi Ding, Zerong Li, Jiahui Ren, Ziwei Zheng, Fei Ding, Shiwei Tang, "Tunable vector vortex beam generation using phase change metasurfaces [Invited]," Chin. Opt. Lett. 22, 113601 (2024)
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