Based on laser induced bioluminescence technique, ultraviolet 355 nm and 266 nm laser were used as excitation light source respectively to construct a model of biological aerosol fluorescence radar monitoring system. The effects of different excitation bands, ozone absorption and solar background light on lidar fluorescence detection are comprehensively considered. The system performance is numerically simulated and analyzed. The simulation results show that the system with the laser excitation of 266 nm band, is strongly affected by the surface ozone, so the effective detection range at daytime is very limited. When the system signal-to-noise ratio is 10 (SNR=10), ozone concentration 50 ppb, the maximum detection range is about 300 m. While at the night time conditions, the detection range is about 450 m. For the excitation of 355 nm, ozone has little effects on the detection performance of the system, its detectable range up to 750 m at night. Solar background light effects on 355nm quite large at the field of view 0.5 mrad, where the effective detection range is about 330 m. In order to reduce the influence of daytime background light, the field of view of the telescope was compressed to 0.3 mrad, and the filter with 50 nm bandwidth was used. The detection range can be up to 480 m at this case. In the conclusions, the excitation of 355 nm band should better be used in night time measurement, while excitation band of 266 nm can well inhibit the effects of solar background light, so as to realize the effective detection of biological aerosols during the day.