The copper-containing stainless steels formed by adding a suitable amount of supersaturated copper ions in medical stainless steels have a nice biological function. The laser alloying method instead of the traditional heat treatment alloying method is adopted to form a Cu-Co alloyed layer on the stainless steel surface in order to explore the possibility of more than one alloying element simultaneously existing in the alloyed layer. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometer are used to analyze the structural characteristics of the microstructures of the alloyed layer. The antibacterial function of this alloyed layer is verified via the E. coli experiment and the brine corrosion test is used to analyze the corrosion resistance property of this alloyed layer. The results show that the fabricated alloy has a stable surface metallography and good antibacterial ability and corrosion resistance when the laser power is 600 W, the scanning speed is 400 mm/s, the preset thickness is 500 μm, the overlap ratio is 35%, and the mass ratio of Cu to Co in the mixed powder is 1∶1. In addition, the hardness of the alloyed layer is higher by 20% than that of the base. It is proved that the laser alloying method is able to replace the traditional alloying method for the preparation of bio-functionalized medical metals.