Organic inorganic hybrid perovskite material （CH₃NH₃PbX₃） has been widely used in solar cells， photodetectors， light-emitting diodes and lasers due to its excellent photoelectric properties， such as high carrier mobility， direct band gap coefficient and high photoelectric conversion efficiency. However， the stability of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials is a difficult problem for its practical application. In this paper， we discuss the influence of external environmental factors （water and oxygen， temperature， light， etc.） on the stability of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials systemically. And the main research approaches to improve and enhance the stability of perovskite materials at this stage are summarized， such as improving synthesis methods， ion doping， device packaging and other means， and also the effect on the performance of photodetector. Finally， the challenges and development strategies of the neighborhood are proposed.