Au-nanorod modified fiber surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) probes were fabricated by laser-induced self-assembly method in a meniscus. The influences of laser radiation power and laser radiation time on the performances of fiber probes were studied in detail. Under an optimized experimental condition as 70 mW laser power and 7 min radiation time, the fiber SERS probes with high sensitivity and good repeatability have been prepared. Further, these optimized fiber SERS probes were used to detect two typical pesticide residues of thiram and methyl parathion (MP) by combining with a portable Raman spectrometer. High detection sensitivity as 10-7 mol/L for thiram and 5×10-7 mol/L for MP, and good detection repeatability with the relative standard deviation less than 6% were observed. This laser-induced self-assembly method in a meniscus has the advantages of easy operation, low cost and short preparation time, which is very useful for the fast preparation of fiber SERS probes with high sensitivity. These optimized fiber SERS probes may have potential applications in rapid and high sensitivity detection of various pesticide residues.