Aluminosilicate phosphate geopolymers (ASP-GP) refer to the aluminosilicate inorganic polymers with three-dimensional network structure generated by the reaction of aluminosilicate and acidic solution (phosphoric acid or phosphate). They can be used as traditional building materials, heat insulation refractory and high temperature resistant materials, solid sealing materials, electronic packaging materials and so on, for their advantages of simple preparation process, high mechanical strength (the maximum compressive strength reaches to 146 MPa), good fire resistance and high temperature resistance, excellent solid sealing performance and dielectric properties. The low carbon-emission and energy-saving preparation fit the demands of friendly-environment, energy conservation and emission reduction. Thus, they are applied widely in the fields of civil engineering, mechanical engineering, aerospace, metallurgy, nuclear waste sealing and others. Based on the existing research achievements about ASP-GP at home and abroad, the development of reaction mechanism and mechanical properties are reviewed. The factors that affect the mechanical properties of ASP-GP are summarized, including aluminosilicate activity, activator, raw material ratio, curing system and so on. It is expected to guide properly the follow-up research of ASP-GP.